Improvement in combined telegraph relays and sounders



2 Sheets--Sheet1. G. LITTLE.

Improvement in Combined Telegraph Relays and Sounders.

No, 130,812, Patented Aug. 27,1872.

2 SheeTs--Sheet 2 G. LITTLE.

improvement in Combined Telegraph Relays and Sounders.

No. 130,812. Patented Aug. 21. m.

Jaw 064? UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE LITTLE, OF RUTHERFORD PARK, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT m COMBINED TELEGRAPH RELAYS AND souNoERs.--

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 130,812, dated August'27, 1872.

Specification of Electro-Magnetic Appa- Lratns, invented by GEORGELITTLE, of Rutherand two vibrating armatures, and the connections fromthe battery are such that a very feeble constant current acts in onehelix, and the main-line current acts in the other helix of the one pairof magnets. When the mainline current is broken, the constant attractsthe armature and closes a shunt-circuit through its own core, and cutsout the other magnet from the constant circuit. When a pulsation isgiven in the main-line helix the movement of the armature opens theshunt aforesaid, and causes the constant circuit to act in the magnet ofthe second sounder with a suddenness and force sufficient to produce thenecessary sound. An adjustment is provided for the core of the magnet toregulate the attractive power of the same upon the armature.

In the drawing, Figure l is aplan of the apparatus and the connectionsof the mainline and constant circuits. Fig. 2 is a sectional View of themagnetic adjusters. Fig. 3 shows the same in a slightly different form,and Fig.

4 is a diagram illustrating the connections in a more compact form.

The magnets a b c d are supported upon a suitable frame or frames, f,and where but one frame is employed the cores may be composed of tworound rods passing through and projecting at each side of such frame toreceive the respective helices a b c d, as in Fig. 4. The vibratingarmatures cc are preferably made of thin sheet-iron, as set forth in mypatent No. 123,490. These armatures vibrate upon the respective axes 3and 2, and the fulcrums of these, especially of the armature 6, shouldbe insulated from the supporting-bar g, and the pivots and bearings ofnon-corrosive material. The main-line connections to 4 and 5 pass onlythrough. the helices a. The battery his connected, as shown, and eitherone or more cups of that battery or a separate battery, h, is employedto maintain the necessary constant attractive force in b through thecoin nections 6 and 7 The positive and negative poles of the constantmay be connected as required by the magnetic helices for producing thebest effect. When the mainline current is broken,the armature e by theconstant attraction in b, closes a shunt-circuit from theconstant-battery h, through the binder 8 and wire to 3, c, and the coreof 12, back to 9, the negative wire of the battery. At this time therewill be a sufficient force exerted in c by a feeble action of theshunt-current from h to attract that end of the armature i. As soon asthe current inthe main line operates in a,

the armature e is attracted, thereby lifting the shunt from metalliccontact between 0 and the core of b, in which case the current goes fromit through 8 d 9 and back to h, energising the core of at sufficientlyto act upon the armature and produce a sound which is simultaneous withthe pulsation in the main line. If the connections are made asillustrated in the diagram, Fig. 4, the breaking of the circuit through6 will compel the constant current to pass through d, as before, and band 0 will also be slightly energised. The magnetic adjusters at theends of the respective cores must be positioned to give thepreponderating force from the magnet cl, to move the armature and givethe sound when the circuit through c is broken. Between the armature eand the core of b the shunt-circuit will generally be closed; thereshould therefore be a plate of platina on the under side of e, and aring, 0, of platina around said core, in order to insure a perfectshunt-circuit. The core of the magnet a is to be insulatedfrom thearmature e by a plate of rubber upon the under side of e, or in anyother convenient manner. The core of c, by preference, has a band ofsoft rubber or other suitable material around it to prevent sound uponthe reverse movement of the sounderarmature c. I have found thisinstrument to work to best advantage when the main-line helix of c iscomposed of No. 32 copper wire, and the constant helix d No. 30 copperwire, and the helices of a b No. 23 copper wire. The magneticcore-adjuster is made, as more clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 5, partiallyof soft iron and partially of brass or other nonmagnetic material. Thecore end, made of these two materials, is of a circular form, andcapable of rotation or partial rotation. By revolving the iron portionof the core end to a greater or less distance from the armature,

the attractive force will be greater or less, and in this way the actionof an electro-magnet on an armature can be varied Without changing theforce of the electric current, or the adjustment of retractile springsor weights, or withdrawing the cores, as usual. The movement of thearmature may. be limited by a stop or pin, in which case it will not benecessary to employ the brass portion of the coreadjuster, because thisbrass portion only forms a stop to conveniently arrest or limit themovement of the armature. The two revolving core ends may be gearedtogetherso as to be moved in harmony to lessen the action of one as theaction of the other is increased, and in cases where the sounder-armature vibrates between two of these core-adjusters there may be arubber ring in a crease around the periphery of one of the adjusters.The adjustment of the core end may be applied with a permanent as wellas an electro-magnet.

I claim as my invention 1. The magnetsa b c d, and swinging armatures et, and connections to the main line and local constant battery,substantially as set forth, whereby the sounder is operated by themain-line pulsation breaking the shunt-circuit, as set forth.

2. A magnetic core-adj uster, mounted so as to be rotated and madepartially of soft iron, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 10th day of July, A. D.

GEORGE LITTLE. Witnesses GEO. T. PINOKNEY, GHAs. H. SMITH.

